From Richard Rohr:
St. Ignatius, founder of the Society of Jesus or Jesuits, proposed a daily exercise, which he called the Examen of Consciousness—a simple exercise in discernment. Rather than focusing on what went right or wrong, how you failed or succeeded throughout the day, this exercise encourages you to reflect on moments in the day when you were aware of God—when you were present to Presence—and those times when you were forgetful or distracted.
Center yourself in silence and an awareness of God’s presence. Recall the day with an open spirit. Notice the emotions, sensations, and thoughts that arise as you review the day’s events. Let your attention settle on one of these instances and look for God’s presence within it, whether you were aware at the time or not. Pray from this memory and within this present moment. Release the day with gratitude and rest in God’s grace.
Click here to learn more about Ignation Spirituality.
Saturday, March 22, 2014
Friday, February 14, 2014
A Prayer for the Feast of Saint Valentine:
Loving God, forgive us for those times we fail to love, without question or prejudice, all that you have created. Thank you for creating us in your image of love and for teaching us radical love through your son Jesus Christ.
Thank you for filling our lives with loving relationships and for the joy those relationships bring. Thank you for giving all persons the gift of coming together in love. Help us to honor that love through faithfulness, understanding, compassion, and patience.
Send your Holy Spirit to fill our hearts with your love so as to make your love known in all that we say and all that we do.
In the name of love, Amen.
Thank you for filling our lives with loving relationships and for the joy those relationships bring. Thank you for giving all persons the gift of coming together in love. Help us to honor that love through faithfulness, understanding, compassion, and patience.
Send your Holy Spirit to fill our hearts with your love so as to make your love known in all that we say and all that we do.
In the name of love, Amen.
Wednesday, February 13, 2013
In Defense of Critical Hermeneutics
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| "Fish Mosaic" by Charlsie Kelly |
The truth is
that anyone who has spent time in the scripture has practiced hermeneutics, though
they might not have known that is what they were doing. Anyone who opens a
Bible and studies scripture for understanding and guidance interprets, in some
way, what they find there. The primary reason for reading scripture is applying
scripture to our lives in an effort to live as God would have us live. The best
source we have for learning about God is the Bible. But the Bible was written
book by book over thousands of years, thousands of years ago.
There is the
rub, there is our dilemma. How do we take a collection of books written by an
ancient people, who lived in a world we can never fully understand, and apply
it to our lives? Better still, how do we take this collection of books and
communicate the deep and profound meanings in the stories we find there to
people different from ourselves? I suggest we take a critical approach,
understanding our limitations and being honest about the assumptions and biases
we bring to our reading of the text. This approach is called Critical
Hermeneutics.
Critical
Hermeneutics requires we have a socio-historical understanding of the culture
in which the text was written. Just as we have biases and assumptions today,
the people that wrote the Biblical stories and the people they were originally
written for had biases and assumptions as well. They were also influenced by
the political, social, economic, and geographic environments in which they
lived, just as we are.By understanding the context in which the text was
written we can come closer to understanding what God was saying in that time.
We then listen for what we hear God saying to us through the text today and test
the truth of what we hear by comparing it to what we believe God was saying in
the past.
But why, why go
to all this trouble? Because, if we do not, if we simply draw a straight line
from the ancient text to today’s culture, we run the risk of serious Biblical misinterpretation.
If our intent in studying scripture is to know God and to grow closer to God
then we must be as accurate as we possibly can when we interpret scripture. We
must also be open to the possibility, or probability, that our understanding of
scripture will change as our life circumstances change and as our understanding
of the socio-historical setting in which the text was written changes.
Allowing scripture
to be dynamic, to be alive and changing, goes against our very nature as modern
people living in twenty-first century western culture. Our culture demands
exact answers, absolute truths. We expect black or white, yes or no, right or
wrong answers, not multi-layered, multi-colored, multi-cultural understandings;
especially when we are talking about God.
Bazinga! There
is a great Biblical lesson, right there in the tension we experience between
what we want from the scriptures and what we get from the scriptures.
Interpreting scripture is not easy. Following Jesus is not easy. Serving
others, loving our neighbors, and being the church in mission is not easy. We
like to think that a homogeneous culture is a perfect culture, a culture where
everyone thinks the same way, looks the same way, and knows God in the same
way. But that is not what scripture tells us and that is not what God has given
us. And thank God for that!
We are called to
take this multi-layered, multi-colored, multi-cultural world we live in and
create community. Given all of our differences, creating such a community can
only be done by God and through God. It is often said that people do not care
what you know until they know that you care. I think we could alter that a bit
and say that people will not care about God unless we can show them God cares
about them.
Wednesday, January 23, 2013
Nehemiah 8
The story in Nehemiah 8 of the people returning to God is one of the most beautiful stories in the Bible. For me, two things in this story are important: 1. the people recognized their need for God and their need for the Word of God; 2. The Word of God was given in context, spoken in a way the people could understand.
Too often we, the Church, refuse to change the context in which we Worship and share the Word of God. We cling to traditions that don't translate to a changing world. Right here in Nehemiah, God teaches us the importance of being relevant to the current culture and of sharing God in context.
"They read from the Book of the Law of God, making it clear and giving the meaning so that the people understood what was being read."
Nehemiah 8:8 (NIV)
Saturday, December 8, 2012
Actively Waiting
In our Church, as in many others, we light a candle each week of Advent and contemplate Hope, Peace, Joy, and Love. We don't have to look very far to find people in this world who are truly waiting for Hope, Peace, Joy, and Love.
The Church's waiting is not passive waiting. Our waiting is active. We pray that those who are in need of Hope, Peace, Joy, and Love will indeed find it in Jesus Christ. We live out those prayers when we get up off our knees and go into the world carrying Christ to those who are waiting for Hope, waiting for Peace, waiting for Joy, waiting for Love...waiting for Christ to come into their world and make a difference.
Friday, October 26, 2012
Christ Visible
The 13th Century Persian Mystic, Rumi, writes:
"A mouse and a frog meet every morning on the river bank.
They sit on the ground and talk.
Each morning, the second they see each other,
they open easily, telling stories and dreams and secrets,
empty of any fear or suspicious holding back.
they open easily, telling stories and dreams and secrets,
empty of any fear or suspicious holding back.
To watch and listen to those two
is to understand how, as it's written,
sometimes when two beings come together,
Christ becomes visible."
is to understand how, as it's written,
sometimes when two beings come together,
Christ becomes visible."
Source: The Essential Rumi, translated by Coleman Barks
Thursday, October 25, 2012
Candle Against the Wind
Candle Against the Wind
by Wendell Berry
I know that I have
life
only insofar as I
have love.
I have not love
except it comes from
Thee.
Help me, please, to
carry
Friday, October 19, 2012
A Prayer by Thomas a Kempis (1380-1471)
Grant me, O Lord, to
know what I ought to know,
To love what I ought to love,
To praise what delights thee most,
To value what is precious in thy sight,
To hate what is offensive to thee.
Do not suffer me to judge according to the sight of my eyes,
Nor to pass sentence according to the hearing of the ears of ignorant men;
But to discern with a true judgment between things visible and spiritual,
And above all, always to inquire what is the good pleasure of thy will.
In Christ's name I pray,
Amen
Thomas a Kempis was born Thomas Hammerken in Kempen, Germany and distinguished himself as a priest, monk, and
writer. His chief contribution is his manual of Christian discipleship
entitled The Imitation of Christ.
Thursday, October 4, 2012
Real Community in a Virtual World
Several weeks ago I noticed something “trending” on Face
Book. For some time a clergy friend of mine, Joey Reed, was posting an evening
prayer. My wife found Joey’s prayers first, then pointed them out to me, commenting on how beautiful
and expressive they are. Soon, I noticed that another clergy friend of ours,
Jeff Rudy, had begun posting a morning prayer. Knowing these two as I do, I
suspected this was planned, a subtle effort to bring their friends together
twice a day in common prayer. A pastoral sneak attack!I bought into their plan and have come to truly look forward to their prayers. Joey and Jeff eloquently express the heart of God and the hearts of people. Their prayers are honest and real, not affected or contrived. Often, quite often, their prayers captured exactly what I want to say or need to say to God that day.
One particular day I found myself totally lost in the middle
of the day. Stressed out and over committed. I stopped and prayed for pause and
focus. As I often do, I recorded my prayer in my journal. The next day I returned
to that prayer midday, and this gave me an idea. What don’t I join in Joey and
Jeff’s ministry and offer a midday prayer on Face Book. Well I did just that,
and I’ve continued to post a prayer each day around 12:30. Why 12:30 and not
noon? Well, remember this is “stealth” pastoral care. I figure folks are
moving around, driving to lunch, heating up soup, or making a sandwich at noon.
But, by 12:30 they’ve settled in and probably have picked up their smart phone
to see what their friends are up to on Face Book.
The response to this experiment in common prayer has been
amazing to me. Joey, Jeff, and I tag each other’s posted prayers and I’ve seen
them shared many times. Friends have messaged me “thank you’s”, in fact I received
one of those while writing this post. My prayer is that we can keep this going.
That our community building efforts on Face Book, built around common prayer, grow not in size but in strength.
Thanks Joey Reed for starting this trend. Thanks Jeff Rudy
for building on Joey’s idea. And thank you both for letting me join you in
fostering prayerfulness and real community in a virtual world.
Friday, September 14, 2012
Just Say "No" to the Status Quo
Want to strike fear in the hearts of many United Methodists?
Want ensure a phone call from your PPRC Chair and / or your District Superintendent?
Simply utter, even quietly or under your breath, that dreaded word no pew
sitter wants to hear C H A N G E. Certainly
I’m exaggerating for effect, but we all know that the idea or call for change in the Church causes fear and, too often, mistrust. Now there are all sorts of reasons why the thought of change causes fear, but the one I want
to address is our misunderstanding of the reality of change.
Change in the
church brought about the birth of Methodism. Change is the heart of the Christian message. Change is why Christ came and walked among us. As individuals and
congregations we are quick to speak of the transforming power of the love of
Jesus Christ. We celebrate stories of repentance and renewal. We accept the
concept of change expressed in the
words transform, repent, and renew, but we
shudder at the thought of change.
As United Methodists, we codify change
in our Book of Discipline saying “The mission of the Church is to make
disciples of Jesus Christ for the transformation of the world.” John Wesley was
the greatest source of change in the
Protestant Church in his time and change
was an everyday part of his personal spiritual life.
“Moving on to perfection” requires (drum roll please)--- change.
“Moving on to perfection” requires (drum roll please)--- change.
As Pastors and Church Leaders it is our job, our calling,
our duty to shepherd people through change.
Life changes and spiritual changes. If we are not helping people, helping the
Church, change then we are failing in
our chief responsibility, the care of souls.
As part of a program developed by the Turner Center for Church Leadership at Vanderbilt University, I recently met with a group of young Pastors. Among these Emerging Young Church Leaders, change was an important and oft used
word. Change was coveted, change was embraced,
and change was sought after. I pray those young leaders hold on to the hope of change as their ministries mature. Too often I’ve seen seasoned Pastors shrug their shoulders
and say “What can you do, the church doesn't want to change?” Pastors who once shared the zeal of the folks I met with,
but resistance to change on the part
of their congregations and lack of support from their superiors has left them indifferent, and that is sad. When we
abandon the capacity to change we
have abandoned hope! If nothing else a Pastor must be hopeful.
In shepherding our Church through change we must have the support of our Church Administrators. Bishops
and District Superintendents must be willing to take those upset phone calls from
fearful parishioners (and big givers) and explain change in an affirming way that supports the Pastors they appointed
to Local Churches that are in great need of change.
Let’s face it friends, the Church will change. The question is do we want to manage and lead that change or do we just want to be swept up
in it and controlled by change?
I choose to embrace change.
Change that is reasoned, relevant,
necessary, and needed. Change that is
directed by God. Change that is
empowered by the Holly Spirit. Change
that is inherent in the love of Jesus Christ. Change that is and has been the tradition and focus of the Christian
church since the times recorded in the Book of Acts.
More to come as I learn from the Emerging Young Leaders of
the United Methodist Church.
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| http://www.vanderbilt.edu/tccl/ |
Tuesday, July 3, 2012
"Welcoming Home"
“How do we welcome home our lost brothers and sisters? By
running out to them, embracing them, and kissing them. By clothing them
with the best clothes we have and making them our honored guests. By
offering them the best food and inviting friends and family for a party.
And, most important of all, by not asking for excuses or explanations, only
showing our immense joy that they are with us again. (See Luke 15:20-24)."
"That is being perfect as our heavenly Father is perfect.
It is forgiving from the heart without a trace of self-righteousness,
recrimination, or even curiosity. The past is wiped out. What
counts is the here and now, where all that fills our hearts is gratitude for
the homecoming of our brothers and sisters.”
Sign up for Daily Meditations from the Henri Nouwen Society at http://wp.henrinouwen.org/daily_meditation_blog/?p=1337
Wednesday, June 13, 2012
Favor the Waver
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| Click Here |
United Methodist Healthcare asks for letter
writing related to concerns about organ procurement in Tennessee.
Methodist Healthcare is
asking United Methodists and the public for assistance with a local healthcare
issue.
Click
HERE for more information about the waiver, including sample letters of support, a
way to submit online comments and educational information about organ sharing.
The faith-based Methodist Healthcare system
is an active ministry partner with the Memphis, Arkansas and Mississippi
Conferences of The United Methodist Church.
June 25 is the deadline to
participate in a letter writing campaign called "Favor the Waiver" to
help prevent a change later this year in the way Tennessee's organ procurement
organizations work together. Without the waiver, Methodist Healthcare
predicts a restricted organ supply in Memphis.
Click HERE
to read a May 15 letter from Gary S. Shorb, President and CEO of Methodist
Healthcare, in which he explains why the Methodist Transplant
Institute and Methodist Healthcare are in need of a waiver to
work with Tennessee
Donor Services for organ procurement.
"Your support in preventing this change
and helping the Transplant Institute continue saving lives is absolutely
critical. ...The community's voice is weighed heavily in the Center
for Medicare and Medicaid Services' (CMS) decision, so we need to
flood CMS with letters of support for this waiver," writes Shorb.
Shorb's letter provides detailed information
about the need for the waiver and shares links to sample letters of support.
A
"tragedy that could be unfolding before us regarding transplant capability
and organ procurement" is how Rev. Sandra L. Clay, Superintendent of the
Asbury District of the Memphis Conference, described the matter in a request
for help from Asbury District clergy.
"With
a waiver issued," explained Clay, "the sickest patient in the area
would always have first 'shot' at new life when an organ in the cooperating
area becomes available."
Click HERE
for more information about the waiver, including sample letters of support, a
way to submit online comments and educational information about organ sharing.
Thursday, May 31, 2012
It's Not Over Until They Close the Lid!
I spent the better part of 15 years
tending bar and working in music clubs. In that time, I met all sorts of
characters and learned a lot about human nature. Many of those lessons serve me
well today as I train and learn the art of being a Pastor in the United
Methodist Church.
The past few years have seen a
great debate within the United Methodist Church as to the future of the
denomination. Sadly, a mindset has taken hold that has many leaders, lay and clergy,
singing death songs over the UMC. Sadder still, many of those singing dirges
are the very persons in a position to make a real difference in the future of
the UMC: Bishops, District Superintendents, and influential Pastors of large congregations.
All this talk of death reminds me
of a former bar customer and friend, Killer. Not kidding, he really went by the
name Killer even though he was tenderhearted and quite comical in a Gomer Pyle
sort of way. Killer always said the funniest things. Like Archie Bunker and
Fred Sanford, Killer made up words and extracted wild conclusions from irrelevant
and unrelated bits of information.
This whole “the UMC is dying” craze
reminds me of the time Killer’s mother was in the hospital. Killer was a
regular at the neighborhood bar where most of the regulars had known each other
for 10 or more years and kept up with the happenings in each other’s lives.
Everyone knew Killer’s Mom was gravely ill. The bar and the regulars sent
flowers to the hospital and Killer spent less time at the bar and more time at
the hospital visiting his Mom.
After a week or so, Killer showed
up at his regular time on a Friday afternoon and pretty much spent the next 2
days at the bar. The whole time he was there, Killer never mentioned his Mom.
Late that Sunday night (actually early Monday morning, 3 or 4 a.m.) Killer paid his
tab and announced he was headed home to clean up, put on his suit, and head
over to the funeral home. This shocked us. “Did your Mom pass away Killer? Is
everything okay?”
Killer’s response was that the last
time he visited his Mom in the hospital the doctors gave her 3 days to live.
Well, that was Friday so Killer figured since it was now Monday morning he
needed to head to the funeral home to make arrangements for his mother. He
never called the hospital. Killer didn’t check with his family. The doctors
gave her 3 days, it had been 3 days, so Killer figured his Mom was dead and he
needed to plan her funeral.
I refuse to plan a funeral for the
United Methodist Church while there is still so much life. I refuse to give in
to the sin of self-pity and finger pointing while there is work to be done. I
refuse to drop my head into my hands and cry for a Church that lives every day
for the glory of God and the hope of all people. I refuse to read another
article, blog post, or Face Book update that surrenders our Church to the
darkness of death.
The United Methodist Church is not
dying. Old ideas and ineffective ways of being Christ’s Church are dying. Lazy,
self-centered congregations who refuse to be relevant and serve out the call to
“make Disciples of all people for the transformation of the world” are dying,
but the United Methodist Church is not.
United Methodists are re-building
storm damaged lives and communities. United Methodists are feeding hungry
people all around the world. United Methodists are working for social justice and
freedom so that all people can live into God’s vision for their lives.
If you believe the United Methodist
Church is dead, then go home, clean up, and head over to the funeral home…..just
get out of the way of a body of believers powered by the Holy Spirit who are
living for Christ! Those people, by the way, are the United Methodist Church!
Wednesday, March 7, 2012
Wednesday, February 1, 2012
Thinking Out Loud
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| Photo by Lara Blair, MPG |
Life is messy, we all know that, but is it a bad thing? Messy mixes things up. Messy creates the need to reach out to others for help and to reach back to others to give support. Messy means my life spills into your life and time in this life becomes our life. Messy led me to recognize my deep need for God's Grace. Life is messy, and that's not necessarily a bad thing. ~ Just thinking out loud ~ LC
Saturday, January 21, 2012
Thursday, January 19, 2012
Created Creativity
A dear friend is visiting New Zealand for several weeks. She wrote me recently that every time she sees a mountian or river she worships God.
New Zealand must be a beautiful place to worship God's creativity and playfulness! I've been thinking a lot lately about the created world and how vital it is to our experience of God.
There is this ridiculous contemporary christian (yes small "c") song with the line "....I'm not home yet, this is not where I belong. Take this world and give me Jesus, this is not where I belong." Such CRAP!
We were created for this world and this world was created for us. Too few of us pay attention to the Lord's Prayer "thy kingdom come, thy will be done ON EARTH, just as it is in heaven." This world is exactly where we belong! Why, because this is where God created us to be! DUH???
My thoughts recently led me to the possibility that earth might be our heaven. Maybe the promise of a "new heaven and a new earth" will be made manifest in God restoring earth to her "Eden - state," perfect, whole, and good with us planted in the world we were created to live, love, and find joy in!
All of our senses and physical experiences expose or reveal the complex beauty and playfullness created in & of this world, by God. BY GOD!
Paul tells us that all of creation awaits redemption in Christ's revelation, Romans 8:19.
Take it all in and celebrate! Sing out loud, dance, laugh, love....all the above!!
I love the verse from "Morning has Broken"
Mine is the sunlight, mine is the morning
Born of the one light, Eden saw play
Praise with elation, praise every morning
God's recreation of the new day
One more quote:
"Only through my body have I known the wonder and goodness of the created world." —David Rensberger
Live in the Grace of God, "born of the one Light, Eden saw play"!!
LC
New Zealand must be a beautiful place to worship God's creativity and playfulness! I've been thinking a lot lately about the created world and how vital it is to our experience of God.
There is this ridiculous contemporary christian (yes small "c") song with the line "....I'm not home yet, this is not where I belong. Take this world and give me Jesus, this is not where I belong." Such CRAP!
We were created for this world and this world was created for us. Too few of us pay attention to the Lord's Prayer "thy kingdom come, thy will be done ON EARTH, just as it is in heaven." This world is exactly where we belong! Why, because this is where God created us to be! DUH???
My thoughts recently led me to the possibility that earth might be our heaven. Maybe the promise of a "new heaven and a new earth" will be made manifest in God restoring earth to her "Eden - state," perfect, whole, and good with us planted in the world we were created to live, love, and find joy in!
All of our senses and physical experiences expose or reveal the complex beauty and playfullness created in & of this world, by God. BY GOD!
Paul tells us that all of creation awaits redemption in Christ's revelation, Romans 8:19.
Take it all in and celebrate! Sing out loud, dance, laugh, love....all the above!!
I love the verse from "Morning has Broken"
Mine is the sunlight, mine is the morning
Born of the one light, Eden saw play
Praise with elation, praise every morning
God's recreation of the new day
One more quote:
"Only through my body have I known the wonder and goodness of the created world." —David Rensberger
Live in the Grace of God, "born of the one Light, Eden saw play"!!
LC
Tuesday, January 17, 2012
Tuesday, November 8, 2011
Why are we afraid of "Christian Accountability"
I was recently part of an extended online conversation regarding discipleship, accountability, and the role of the church. The conversation began after a friend posted Dan Dick's Blog article, "The Mediocre Commission." . Dan's point was that the Church is more concerned with our image than with our identity. He says that evidence of this is that church leaders are reluctant to hold members accountable to their membership vows for fear they might leave.
Pastor's and church leaders cringed at the idea of holding their churches accountable. Now, I know most of these folk, and they are good shepherds of effective churches, so this really surprised me. Understand also that this was a conversation amongst United Methodist pastors and leaders, which made me scratch my head even more. Accountability was at the heart of the Wesleyan movement. It was accountability and a complex understanding of Grace that set John Wesley's teachings a part. It was that very same accountability and Grace theology that fueled the Methodist movement and brought revival to the church in England and birthed the Methodist Churches in America.
Some of my friends failed to make the connection between discipleship and discipline (spiritual discipline). A couple not only failed to make the connection, they refused. They seemed to argue a preference for a church filled with believers, content in their own salvation and unwilling to share the Gospel through serving others and unwilling to learn and grow through the scriptures.
Could it be that our churches are asleep because our leaders are asleep? Or worse, our leaders are afraid to wake the sleeping church, afraid of the hard work required to shepherd believers into discipleship. Through the Great Commission Christ commands us "Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, 20 and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you."
Christ calls for "disciples" not mere believers. Webster defines a disciple as "One who assists in spreading the doctrines of another." Can't do that by just sitting in a pew a couple of times a month.
Christian accountability is not judgement, it is the complete opposite. Christian accountability springs forth from love. We love each other and want each other to grow in Christ. Churches and their leaders have to get away from the western consumerist doctrine that glorifies the individual and shuns community. The Church, Christ's Church, is (at its core) a community. An individual is not a church. God decided to organize His people in this way, in community.
Please keep in mind that I'm advocating encouraging and shepherding folks toward a deeper relationship with Christ. Holding a person accountable does not mean forcing them to do something they are not ready to do or are not able to do. It means reminding them, in loving and encouraging ways, that this is what Christ calls them to and then providing them the opportunities and environment in which this growth can take place. Why would Methodist leaders reject this? Isn't this what they vowed to do?
Wednesday, October 26, 2011
Church Leadership Blog Digest
Kim Cape: "It isn't about sitting here playing bingo"
...the church’s challenge is to prepare transformational leaders who can tell laity, “It’s not all about sitting here playing bingo. We’ve got to get out in the community and be involved in Christ’s life in the world.”
Read More Here...Faith & Leadership
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| Where Christian Leaders Connect, Reflect, and Learn. |
Kim Cape: "It isn't about sitting here playing bingo"
...the church’s challenge is to prepare transformational leaders who can tell laity, “It’s not all about sitting here playing bingo. We’ve got to get out in the community and be involved in Christ’s life in the world.”
Read More Here...Faith & Leadership
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I am an evangelical. It defines the way I think (my orthodoxy), how I act (my orthopraxy), and how I relate to God, to others and my world (my orthopathy). This is a joyful and hopeful way of being a Christian. An evangelical loves God greatly, and seeks to serve others and bless the world. An evangelical is eager to engage in a community of faith that worships and encourages discipleship, and engages in mission around the world and in a neighborhood. This is that faith that is part of my heritage. This is the brand of Christianity that I have chosen. I am proud to be an evangelical. But a crime has been committed. I am an evangelical, and I have been robbed.Read More from Doug Paul NOTE: Even more than usual, this post is highly speculative. It shares a vision for the United Methodist Church’s structure that is likely flawed in many ways and is certainly not likely to be acted upon. It is offered, though, as one idea that might spark wiser and smarter people to come up with better ideas. |
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